What You Need to Know
Salt induces osmotic dehydration, lowering water activity below 0.6 and preventing bacterial growth. Sugar acts as a humectant, further reducing water activity and contributing to a sweet umami profile. Spices such as star anise and Sichuan pepper release anethole and cinnamaldehyde, providing additional antimicrobial activity.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Osmotic dehydration and salt-induced water activity reduction