What You Need to Know
The low temperature (0–5 °C) reduces oil viscosity, allowing air to be entrained. Oil molecules stabilize the foam through surface tension, and optional emulsifiers such as lecithin or xanthan gum reinforce the structure. The process is completed within seconds and requires precise temperature control to prevent coalescence.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Foam formation via air entrainment and stabilization by oil viscosity and surface tension.