What You Need to Know
Fermentation converts sugars into alcohol, acids, or gases via microbial metabolism. Key reactions include alcoholic fermentation (C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2) and lactic acid fermentation (C6H12O6 → 2 CH3CH(OH)COOH). These pathways release energy, produce flavor compounds, and preserve food.
The Science
Primary Reaction
C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 (ethanol fermentation); C6H12O6 → 2 CH3CH(OH)COOH (lactic acid fermentation)