What You Need to Know
During fermentation lactic acid bacteria lower the pH to 4.2–4.5, while proteolytic enzymes release glutamate and aspartate that enhance umami. Lipases liberate short‑chain fatty acids such as acetate and butyrate, contributing to the characteristic flavor. The process also reduces water activity to ~0.94, limiting spoilage organisms.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Fermentation of dehulled ogbono seed mash producing lactic acid, proteolysis, and lipolysis