What You Need to Know
During fermentation, lactic acid bacteria metabolize lactose into lactic acid, lowering the pH to 4.5–4.8 and producing a protein‑rich beverage. The process also generates CO₂ and minor flavor compounds, contributing to the characteristic tangy aroma. Back‑slopping introduces a stable microbial consortium that suppresses spoilage organisms.
The Science
Primary Reaction
C12H22O11 → 2 C3H6O3 (lactose → lactic acid)