What You Need to Know
Acidification lowers pH, creating an environment hostile to Clostridium botulinum and other pathogens, while salt induces osmotic stress that dehydrates microbes. In curing, sodium nitrite reacts with myoglobin to form nitrosylmyoglobin, giving cured meats their characteristic color and flavor, and also provides antimicrobial activity.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Acidification and salt-induced osmotic stress, nitrite-mediated protein modification