What You Need to Know
During baking, heat causes water in the dough to vaporize, generating steam that expands the crumb. Scores cut through the gluten network, creating pathways for steam to escape, preventing excessive doming and promoting even crust formation. The depth, width, and spacing of scores influence the balance between structural integrity and expansion.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Water vaporization and CO₂ expansion within the dough during baking